La ejecución de infraestructuras en el medio rural

La preocupación del hombre por cuidar sus intervenciones en el medio natural es relativamente reciente y proviene de esa relación del hombre con la naturaleza que supone el hecho de construir y de la generación del lugar. La creciente conciencia social y el convencimiento de la necesidad de conservar el equilibrio natural como forma de proteger la biodiversidad y conservar el espacio, ha mediatizado las intervenciones en el medio natural, provocando inseguridades y dudas que se reflejan en lo allí construido. La solución habitual ha sido "no hacer" o "hacer lo mínimo", apoyándose en lo ya existente. Se propone valorar el paisaje como un recurso natural más del espacio, afectado por las intervenciones de carácter antrópico que se producen sobre el mismo. Esta propuesta pretende reflexionar la forma de actuar en los espacios físicos para su adecuación a las necesidades planteadas, con el objetivo de su utilización y disfrute

Renormalization aspects of N=1 Super Yang-Mills theory in the Wess-Zumino gauge

The renormalization of N=1 Super Yang-Mills theory is analysed in the Wess-Zumino gauge, employing the Landau condition. An all orders proof of the renormalizability of the theory is given by means of the Algebraic Renormalization procedure. Only three renormalization constants are needed, which can be identified with the coupling constant, gauge field and gluino renormalization. The non-renormalization theorem of the gluon-ghost-antighost vertex in the Landau gauge is shown to remain valid in N=1 Super Yang-Mills. Moreover, due to the non-linear realization of the supersymmetry in the Wess-Zumino gauge, the renormalization factor of the gauge field turns out to be different from that of the gluino. These features are explicitly checked through a three loop calculation.Comment: 15 pages, minor text improvements, references added. Version accepted for publication in the EPJ

A Novel Application of Indocyanine Green Immunofluorescence in Emergent Colorectal Surgery

Here, we report on the feasibility of ICG fluorescence imaging to localize lesions in emergent minimally invasive surgery. A 49-year old female presented to the emergency department with a previously unknown malignant bowel obstruction. She was taken emergently to the operating room for a laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy, based on tumor location from imaging. With intraoperative difficulty localizing the lesion, an on-table colonoscopy was performed. When the tumor was encountered, peritumoral ICG injections were performed, and the fluorescence lymphoscintigraphy was performed intraoperatively in an attempt to visualize the primary tumor laparoscopically. Intraoperative ICG Immunofluorescence allowed precise, real-time localization of the mass in the descending colon. This information changed the course of the operation, as a laparoscopic left hemicolectomy was then performed instead of the planned extended right hemicolectomy. The patient underwent an end-to-end anastomosis without the need for a defunctioning ileostomy. From this case, we demonstrate the use of ICG fluorescence imaging for tumor localization in the emergent setting is safe, feasible, and effective. This information gained from this technology enables real-time decision making, and can even change the operative plan in the emergent setting for the best patient outcomes. What does this paper add to the existing literature? This paper offers a novel application of an emerging technology- ICG fluorescence- that in this capacity allowed precise, real-time localization of a previously unknown mass in the emergent setting, and changed the course of the operation

Implementing the Gribov-Zwanziger framework in N=1 Super Yang-Mills in the Landau gauge

The Gribov-Zwanziger framework accounting for the existence of Gribov copies is extended to N=1 Super Yang--Mills theories quantized in the Landau gauge. We show that the restriction of the domain of integration in the Euclidean functional integral to the first Gribov horizon can be implemented in a way to recover non-perturbative features of N=1 Super Yang--Mills theories, namely: the existence of the gluino condensate as well as the vanishing of the vacuum energy.Comment: 19 pages, no figure

Identificação de minerais do grupo das zeólitas por espectroscopia de reflectância, para aplicação como remineralizadores de solo.

A utilização de zeólitas para melhorar a qualidade do solo destinado à agricultura ganha espaço em todo o mundo. A elevada capacidade de troca catiônica das zeólitas favorece a conservação de nutrientes no solo e, a alta capacidade de retenção de água em seus retículos cristalinos faz destes minerais excelentes condicionadores de solo. A ausência de depósitos de zeólitas em exploração no Brasil torna os basaltos da Formação Serra Geral da Bacia do Paraná um alvo com grande potencial para a prospecção por zeólitas naturais. Pesquisas da CPRM destacam a significativa presença de zeólitas especialmente no contato entre os derrames inferiores da Formação Serra Geral e os arenitos eólicos da Formação Botucatu no Rio Grande do Sul. A espectroscopia de reflectância é uma ferramenta capaz de contribuir para a identificação de zeólitas em campo ou laboratório, utilizando-se de análises rápidas e de baixo custo. O conhecimento prévio do comportamento espectral das zeólitas é de grande utilidade na prospecção de alvos potenciais na Formação Serra Geral (pilhas de lobos e brechas de topo de derrames basálticos). Nestas ambiências foram reconhecidas macroscopicamente heulandita, escolecita, estilbita, laumontita e mordenita. O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados de leituras em amostras representativas das paragêneses que caracterizam os diferentes blocos determinados pelo Projeto Agrominerais Bacia do Paraná no Rio Grande do Sul-CPRM, com uso do espectrorradiômetro FieldSpec 3 Hi-Res© - ASD, de resolução espectral entre 0,35 e 2,5 μm. Foram identificadas curvas espectrais referentes à estilbita, heulandita, laumontita, mordenita e possivelmente analcima e clinoptilolita, localmente associadas à calcita. Por meio de assinaturas espectrais poderão ser construídos padrões para as zeólitas, para classificação de imagens de satélite, devendo-se considerar a relação entre a dimensão dos alvos e as resoluções espaciais e espectrais dos sensores orbitais e aeroportados disponíveis para o imageamento da área de pesquisa

Influence of the state of light on the optically induced interparticle interaction

A general expression for the energy of interparticle interaction induced by an arbitrary mode of light is determined using quantum electrodynamics, and it is shown that the Casimir-Polder potential is included within this quantum result. Equations are also derived for the corresponding coupling induced by multimode number states of light, and the dependence of the pair energy on the Poynting vector and polarization state is determined. Attention is then focused on the interactions between particles trapped in counterpropagating coherent beams, both with and without interference, and it is shown that the results afford insights into the multiparticle structures that can be optically fabricated with counterpropagating input. Brief consideration is also given to the effect of squeezing the optical coherent state. Extending previous studies of optical binding in Laguerre-Gaussian beams, results are given for the case of particles trapped at radially different locations within the beam structure. Finally, consideration is given to interparticle interactions induced by broadband light, and it is shown how the length of optically fabricated particle chains can be controlled by the use of wavelength filters

Modelling ultrasonic debulking of tape lamination

COMATCOMP 09 : Donostia - San Sebastian, 7, 8 y 9 de octubre de 2009A numerical model is presented, which has been developed to study the quality of the ultrasonic debulking of a composite laminate. The quality of the debulking level will depend, primarily, of the temperature raised in the laminate. For that reason, the evolution in time of the temperature inside the composite laminate has been studied. To this end, a thermal model has been developed which leads to the determination of the temperature inside the laminate from the values of the temperature at the tip of the ultrasonic horn. To validate the model, the numerical results have been compared with experimental measurements in a particular case